What is the treatment for severe hypothermia?

Passive rewarming is the preferred treatment for severe hypothermia, particularly in cases where the individual is showing signs of significantly lowered body temperature. In passive rewarming, the goal is to allow the body's own heat production to gradually raise the internal temperature. This involves using insulation and warm blankets to conserve the body heat that is still present.

Active rewarming methods, such as using hot packs, may pose risks in severe cases, as they can cause peripheral circulation to improve before deeper body tissues are adequately warmed, potentially leading to a dangerous drop in core body temperature. Consequently, direct application of heat can result in complications, such as rewarming shock.

The administration of fluids is generally not recommended as an immediate action in severe hypothermia without medical supervision, as it can lead to additional complications if not done correctly.

Transporting the individual to a medical facility is critical, but only after ensuring that their condition is stable and symptoms are not worsening. However, this option alone without initiating passive rewarming does not provide immediate support to the individual's condition. Thus, passive rewarming stands out as the most appropriate initial intervention in cases of severe hypothermia.